This subfield investigates autoimmune disorders affecting endocrine glands, such as Type 1 diabetes, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and Addison's disease. These conditions arise due to the immune system's attack on endocrine tissues. Diagnosis includes autoantibody detection and hormone profiling. Management often requires lifelong hormone replacement and immunomodulatory strategies. Understanding immune-endocrine interactions is also vital for emerging therapies.