These disorders affect the adrenal glands (e.g., Cushing's syndrome, Addison's disease, pheochromocytoma) and pituitary gland (e.g., acromegaly, prolactinoma, hypopituitarism). Both glands are central to hormonal regulation affecting stress response, growth, metabolism, and reproduction. Diagnosis typically involves hormonal assays and imaging studies. Management depends on the underlying pathology and may include medications, hormone replacement, or surgical intervention.