Biologics and biopharmaceuticals represent a transformative class of therapeutic agents derived from living organisms. Unlike traditional small-molecule drugs, biologics are typically large, complex molecules such as proteins, antibodies, nucleic acids, or living cells engineered to target specific components of disease processes with high precision.
Common biologics include monoclonal antibodies, recombinant proteins, vaccines, gene therapies, and cell-based therapies. These treatments have revolutionized the management of chronic and complex conditions such as cancer, autoimmune disorders, infectious diseases, and rare genetic disorders.