Covalent inhibitors and irreversible drugs form strong, often permanent, bonds with their biological targets, usually through nucleophilic amino acid residues. These inhibitors are designed to enhance potency, duration of action, and target specificity. By forming covalent bonds, they achieve sustained inhibition even at lower doses. Irreversible drugs are particularly effective against enzymes that play a role in diseases such as cancer and infections. Advances in structure-based drug design help in crafting selective covalent warheads that minimize off-target effects. Despite earlier concerns about toxicity, modern covalent drugs are designed with improved safety profiles. Examples include aspirin and certain kinase inhibitors. This class of drugs is gaining renewed interest in targeted therapy development.