Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells known for their regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. They can differentiate into various cell types like bone, cartilage, and fat, making them valuable for tissue repair. More importantly, MSCs modulate immune responses by suppressing inflammation and promoting healing in autoimmune and inflammatory conditions. Their low immunogenicity allows for allogeneic transplantation with minimal rejection. Current research explores MSCs in treating diseases like Crohn’s, arthritis, and graft-versus-host disease.