The stem cell niche and microenvironment play a vital role in regulating stem cell behavior, including self-renewal, differentiation, and migration. This specialized environment consists of cellular, molecular, and structural components that provide essential signals and support. Interactions with surrounding cells, extracellular matrix, and signaling molecules help maintain stem cell function and identity. Disruption of the niche can impair regeneration or contribute to disease. Understanding and replicating these microenvironments is key to advancing stem cell-based therapies.