Clinical trials and translational medicine play a pivotal role in bridging the gap between laboratory discoveries and patient care. Translational medicine focuses on converting scientific insights from basic research into practical therapies, diagnostics, and preventive strategies. It fosters a bidirectional flow of information between bench and bedside, ensuring that innovations in molecular biology, genomics, and drug development translate into tangible clinical benefits.

Clinical trials are essential for evaluating the safety, efficacy, and optimal use of new therapeutic agents, devices, and interventions. They follow a structured, phased approach Phase I to IV to systematically test and validate treatments in human subjects. Advances in precision medicine, biomarker-based patient stratification, adaptive trial designs, and real-world evidence are increasingly shaping modern clinical trial methodology.